Gum disease (periodontal disease) is a condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums and bone. Early disease affects the gums only, while more advanced disease causes irreversible bone loss.

Are bleeding gums normal?

No. Bleeding gums are usually a sign of inflammation and are often the earliest warning sign of gum disease. Healthy gums should not bleed when brushed or gently checked.

What is the difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?

Gingivitis causes inflammation and bleeding but no bone loss and is reversible. Periodontitis means bone loss has started and the damage does not reverse, although it can be stabilised.

What do BPE numbers mean?

BPE scores are a screening system used to assess gum health. Lower scores indicate healthy or mildly inflamed gums, while higher scores indicate deeper pockets and increased risk, requiring more effort to achieve stability.

What does active vs stable gum disease mean?

Active gum disease means inflammation is currently causing damage and bone loss risk is present. Stable (inactive) gum disease means past damage has occurred but there are no signs of ongoing progression.

Can gum disease affect just one tooth?

Yes. Gum disease can affect a single tooth or multiple teeth. If advanced disease is present anywhere, it matters. The difference is how much effort is needed to achieve and maintain stability.

What Is Gum Disease?

John Barclay
Jan 12
1 min read

Updated: Jun 9

What Is Gum Disease?

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